A list of commonly asked questions about Creative Commons licenses from creativecommons.org.
 Public Domain (CC0). Allows you to waive all rights and place your works in the public domain. 
 Attribution (CC BY).  Allows others to distribute, remix, tweak, and build upon your work, even commercially, as long as they credit you for the original creation. 
 Attribution-ShareAlike (CC BY-SA).  Allows others to remix, tweak, and build upon your work even for commercial purposes, as long as they credit you and license their new creations under the identical terms.
  Attribution-NoDerivs (CC BY-ND). Allows others to distribute your work, commercially or non-commercially, as long as it is passed along unchanged and in whole, with credit to you.
 Attribution-NonCommercial (CC BY-NC). Allows others to remix, tweak, and build upon your work non-commercially. Although others must acknowledge you and use your work non-commercially, they don’t have to license their derivative works on the same terms.
 Attribution-NonCommecial-ShareAlike (CC NC-SA). Allows others to remix, tweak, and build upon your work non-commercially, as long as they credit you and license their new creations under the identical terms.
 Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs (CC BY-NC-ND). Allows others to download your works and share them with others as long as they credit you, but they can’t change them in any way or use them commercially.
(Adapted from creativecommons.org)
Remember TASL!
In the below example the photograph, called "Skara Brea" was taken by John Allan. John Allan has a profile page at geograph.org, the source of the photograph. The photo is labeled as CC BY SA 2.0. I can include the license acknowledgement as part of a caption.

"Skara Brea" by John Allan is licensed under CC BY SA 2.0