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COMM 501 Han: Quick search concepts

Research tools are made for precision, not quantity

The library catalog and article databases such as Communication and Mass Media Complete are research tools that use search commands called Boolean Operators. These operators help the search engine to know how to locate the best results based on your query.

Most of this is built into the search interface, but this explanation may help you better manipulate your keywords when searching or to know what's going on when you search.

Quick search concepts

Most search engines recognize the use of Boolean Operators AND, OR, and NOT.

Placing AND between keywords or phrases tells the search engine you'd like sources concerning an overlapping topic.

"I'd like to find articles about video game violence and perceived impact on teen behavior"


Inserting OR between two terms tells the search engine you'd accept a source about one topic, but you'd also accept sources that refer to it in another way. Synonyms can be helpful here. Initially, the searche engine would only give you articles containing "teen." When you tell it to also include articles that refer to this age group as "adolescent," you will double your results!

"I'll accept articles that use the phrasing "teen behavior" OR, I'll also accept articles that use the phrase "adolescent behavior."


Placing NOT between key concepts tells the search engine you'll accept sources on one but not the other. 

"I want articles about violent videos games, but I'm tired of being flooded with articles about educational video games because of the age group I'm focusing on. Show me articles about video games and teens, but NOT educational games."