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Citing Business Sources

A How To for Business Citations in APA, MLA, and Chicago

Business Citations in MLA

ABI/INFORM Global and Business Source Complete Articles

Format for articles with one author:

Last Name, First Name Middle Initial. "Title of article: Subtitle when applicable." Journal Title, volume, issue, year of publication, pages. Name of electronic database. 

Format for articles with two authors:

Last Name, First Name Middle Initial and Last Name, First Name Middle Initial. "Title of article: Subtitle when applicable." Journal Title, volume, issue, year of publication, pages. Name of electronic database. 

Format for articles with three or more authors:

Last Name, First Name Middle Initial, et al. "Title of article: Subtitle when applicable." Journal Title, volume, issue, year of publication, pages. Name of electronic database.

Examples:

Grier, Kevin, et al. "Campaign contributions and roll-call voting in the U.S. House of Representatives: The case of the sugar industry." The American Political Science Review, Vol. 117, no. 1, 2023, 340-346. ABI/INFORM Global.  

Staples, Aaron J., et al. "How many regulations does it take to get a beer? The geography of beer regulations." Regulation & Governance, Vol. 16, no. 4, 2022, 1197-1210. Business Source Complete. 


Annual Report

Format:

"Title of Report." Name of website. Name of Company (if different than name of website), year or date of publication. URL

Example:

"2023 Annual Report." PNC Bank, 2023. https://tinyurl.com/AnnualPNC2023


Business Source Complete Industry Reports

Format:

Title of Report. Name of Company that Published the Report, Date of Publication, pp. page numbers. Business Source Complete

Examples:

Make-up in the United States. MarketLine, 2022, pp. 1-49. Business Source Complete. 

Cosmetics & beauty supply stores. Barnes Reports, 2022, pp. 1-196. Business Source Complete. 


Data Sets

Format:

Last Name, First Name. Title of data set. (Version number if applicable) Publisher location: Publisher name, Date of publication, Medium of publication. Date accessed. URL

Examples:

Bureau of Labor Statistics. Total compensation for all civilian workers in all industries and occupations, 12-month percent change.  Washington, D.C.: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Web. 17, Apr. 2024. https://data.bls.gov/cgi-bin/surveymost

Pew Research Center. American Trends Panel. (Wave 117) Washington, D.C.: Pew Research Center, Web. 17 Apr. 2024. https://www.pewresearch.org/religion/dataset/american-trends-panel-wave-117/


Form 10-K

Format: 

Title of 10-K or Annual Report. Publisher, Year of publication. 

Example: 

PNC Bank Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023. PNC Bank. 2023. 


Statista

Check the report details box for "Survey by" this is the author. If there is no survey by or if the Source is listed as Statista Market Insights or there is no author lifted then Statista is listed as the author.

Format for reports with named author/authoring body:

Last name, First name, Middle initial. "Title of Report." Statista, Date published, URL

Surveyor Name or Authoring Body. "Title of Report." Statista, Date published, URL

Examples: 

Zandt, Florian. "How Popular Is Guinness in The U.S. and Uk?." Statista, Statista Inc., 15 Mar. 2024, https://www.statista.com/chart/31918/share-of-respondents-who-know-like-consume-guinness/

Brewers of Europe. "Volume of Beer Consumed per Capita in Europe in 2022, by Country (in Liters)." Statista, 30 Nov. 2023, https://www.statista.com/statistics/444589/european-beer-consumption-per-capita-by-country/

Format for reports without a named author:

"Title of report." Statista, Date published. URL 

Examples:

"Beer: Market data & analysis." Statista, Nov. 2023. https://www.statista.com/study/48816/beer-market-data-and-analysis/

"Beer Industry in the United States." Statista, 2023. https://www.statista.com/study/9893/beer-industry-statista-dossier/


SWOT Analyses

Format:

Title of Report." Title of Source. Publisher, Date of Publication. 

Example:

"The Estee Lauder Companies, Inc. SWOT Analysis." The Estee Lauder Companies, Inc. MarketLine, 3 May 2023.